PETER
The Rock
Physical Description & Origins
Rugged Fisherman
Simon Peter was a robust, weather-beaten fisherman from Bethsaida on the Sea of Galilee. His hands would have been calloused from years of handling nets and boats, his skin darkened by sun and wind. As a working man, he likely had a strong, muscular build from the physical demands of fishing.
Distinctive Features
Peter probably had dark hair and beard, typical of Galilean Jews, with expressive eyes that reflected his passionate nature. His voice would have been strong and commanding, befitting someone who spent years calling out orders on fishing boats and later preaching to thousands.
"Now when they saw the boldness of Peter and John, and perceived that they were uneducated, common men, they were astonished." - Acts 4:13
Historical Context & Transformation
Life Before Christ
Peter worked as a commercial fisherman with his brother Andrew, operating out of Capernaum around 30 AD. He was married and supported his family through the fishing business, which was likely prosperous given the abundance of fish in the Sea of Galilee.
The Great Calling
When Jesus called him to be a "fisher of men," Peter immediately left his nets and followed. Despite his impulsive nature and three-fold denial during Jesus' trial, he was restored and became the bold leader of the early church.
"And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." - Matthew 16:18
Personality & Character
Impulsive & Passionate
Peter was quick to speak and act, often without thinking. He walked on water, cut off a soldier's ear, and made bold declarations of loyalty to Jesus.
Natural Leader
Peter consistently emerged as spokesman for the twelve, taking initiative in crucial moments and leading the early church after Pentecost.
Deeply Loyal
Despite his failures, Peter's love for Jesus was genuine. His restoration after the resurrection showed his heart's true devotion.
Bold Preacher
After Pentecost, Peter became fearlessly bold, preaching to thousands and standing before rulers without intimidation.
Divine Purpose & Mission
Foundation of the Church
Jesus chose Peter to be the foundational leader of the early church. His confession of Jesus as "the Christ, the Son of the living God" became the bedrock declaration upon which the church was built.
Bridge to the Gentiles
Through his vision of the sheet and encounter with Cornelius, Peter became the first apostle to preach to Gentiles, opening the door for the Gospel to reach all nations.
Hope for the Fallen
Peter's story of failure, forgiveness, and restoration offers hope to all believers who have stumbled. His transformation from denier to bold confessor demonstrates God's grace and the power of redemption.
"But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth." - Acts 1:8
Simon Bar-Jonah
c. 1 BC, Bethsaida
c. 64 AD, Rome (crucified upside down)
Fisherman, Apostle, Church Leader
Brother of Andrew, married
1 Peter
Letter of hope to suffering Christians, emphasizing perseverance and holy living
2 Peter
Warning against false teachers and encouragement about Christ's second coming